Copper iodide
Copper iodide
CAS: 1335-23-5
Molecular Formula: CuHI
Copper iodide - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Copper iodide |
| Synonyms | Copper iodide Cuprous iodide Einecs 215-625-6 copper(1+) iodide copper(2+) diiodide Cuprous iodide,1335-23-5 |
| CAS | 1335-23-5 |
| EINECS | 215-625-6 |
| InChI | InChI=1/Cu.2HI/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2 |
Copper iodide - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | CuHI |
| Molar Mass | 191.46 |
| Storage Condition | Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | White crystalline powder gradually turned pale yellow in the open air. Relative density 5.63, melting point 605 ℃, boiling point 1290 ℃. Soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid, ammonia and iodine alkali solution; Insoluble in water and alcohol. It was decomposed by concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid. |
Copper iodide - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R22 - Harmful if swallowed R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. |
| Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. |
Copper iodide - Reference Information
| cuprous halide | cuprous iodide and cuprous chloride, cuprous bromide are three commonly used Cuprous halides, which are white solids, cuprous chloride and cuprous bromide can be prepared by reacting an acidic solution of the corresponding divalent copper salt with metallic copper. Cuprous iodide can be prepared by adding Cu2 to a solution of potassium iodide. phenylcopper can be prepared by the action of cuprous iodide with phenylmagnesium bromide or phenyllithium in diethyl ether. methyllithium can be reacted with cuprous iodide at -15 °c or methylcopper can be prepared by reacting copper nitrate with tetramethyllead in ethanol at -60 to -40 °c. |
| molecular structure | similar to other Cuprous halides (except unstable cuprous fluoride), the Crystal of cuprous iodide is sphalerite structure (Y-CuI) at room temperature, and both ions are tetrahedral coordination. The transformation into a wurtzite structure (β-Cui) occurs when heated to 390 ° C. And, if the temperature is higher than 440 ° C., exists as a sodium chloride-type structure (α-Cui). Since the copper-halogen bond length (2.338) in cuprous iodide is greater than the other two Cuprous halides, both of these transition temperatures of cuprous iodide are lower than the corresponding transition temperatures of cuprous chloride and cuprous bromide. at high temperature, a considerable amount of cyclic trimer (Cu3X3) exists in the vapor of three kinds of Cuprous halides, and tetramers of Cuprous halides also exist. |
| preparation method | 1. Cuprous iodide is obtained by reacting copper sulfate and potassium iodide under weak acid conditions. To the copper sulfate solution, a slight amount of potassium iodide solution dissolved with a small amount of sulfur dioxide was added, and sulfur dioxide gas was introduced to precipitate a white precipitate. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with water containing a small amount of sulfur dioxide and then with ethanol and diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered with sufficient suction and the ether was completely removed in vacuo. In order to remove the firmly adhered moisture, it is preferable to slowly heat the precipitate from 110 °c to 400 °c in a vacuum operation. 2. In a 400 ml beaker, 150 ml of water and 25g (0.1 mol) of copper sulfate pentahydrate were placed and dissolved to form a first solution. A second solution was then prepared by dissolving 16.6g (0.10 mol) of potassium iodide and 25g of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate in 100 of water. The second solution was added to the first solution under rapid stirring, I .e., a white, dense precipitate of cuprous iodide was observed. After allowing it to settle for 15 minutes, it was filtered in a Medium porosity sand core funnel -1 and washed successively with water, ethanol and ether several times (20 ml each time). After crushing, the product was placed in a vacuum dryer in which sulfuric acid was placed for several days, or placed in a phosphorus pentoxide vacuum drying gun at 100 °c overnight. One gram of the product was dissolved in concentrated nitric acid and filtered on a core funnel to remove iodine. After washing with water, the yellow filtrate and washings were combined and then diluted with water, a copper content of 33.1% was determined, a calculated value of 33.4%. chemical reaction equation for preparing cuprous iodide: 2CuSO4 + 2KI +2Na2S2O3 = 2CuI + K2SO4 + Na2SO4 + Na2S4O6. |
| Use | 1. Cuprous iodide is widely used as a catalyst for organic synthesis, a resin modifier, an artificial rainfall agent, an anode-Ray Tube covering, and a source of iodine in iodized salt. In the presence of 1,2-or 1, 3-diamine ligands, cuprous iodide can catalyze the conversion of brominated aromatic hydrocarbons, brominated heterocyclic compounds and vinyl bromide to the corresponding iodides. The reaction is generally carried out in a dioxane solvent with sodium iodide as the iodination reagent. Aromatic iodides are generally more active than the corresponding chlorides and iodides, and thus, cuprous iodide can catalyze a series of coupling reactions in which halogenated hydrocarbons participate, such as the Heck reaction, the Stille reaction, the Suzuki reaction, and the Ullmann reaction. 2-bromo-1-octen-3-ol with 1-nonyne in the presence of dichlorobis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (II), cuprous chloride and diethylamine, the coupling reaction takes place to produce 7-methylene-8-hexadec-6-ol. 2. It is used as an organic reaction catalyst, an anode tube covering, and also as an animal feed additive. 3. As a catalyst in many reactions in which Grignard reagent is involved, cuprous iodide is also used in dry Wiff rearrangement reactions. |
| stability | 1. No decomposition if used and stored according to specifications. 2. Avoid contact with light, oxide, cuprous iodide is quite stable to light and air, heated in a high vacuum or nitrogen stream, melting without decomposition. Cuprous iodide is insoluble in water, but soluble in acid, ammonia and alkali metal iodide solutions. 3. The photosensitivity of cuprous iodide is weaker than that of cuprous chloride and cuprous oxide. |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | grams dissolved per 100ml of water: 1.997 × 10-5/20 ℃ |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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